Cameras from the era when they actually made 35 mm cameras in the US commonly used drop-in filters, usually Series V (1-3/16" or 30 mm diameter) or Series VI (1-5/8" or 41 mm diameter) size, that fit either an adapter that was slipped on or threaded into the lens, or a retaining ring that was part of the lens. Series V or VI drop-in filters apparently are no longer made. Old filters, especially polarizers, are not always available in good condition. It is possible to use a threaded step-up ring instead of the original threaded insert to attach a modern screw-in filter in place of a drop-in filter. The retaining ring on a Series V adapter has a thread diameter of 1-5/16" (33.3 mm) and a Series VI has 1-3/4" (44.5 mm). A 33.5 mm to 52 mm step-up ring (lens to filter) can replace a Series V insert and a 44 mm to 52 mm step-up ring can replace a Series VI insert. The thread pitch and diameters don't exactly match, but both fit the adapters I have without jamming or being too loose, and let me use the modern 52 mm filters I already have with old cameras. One problem is that on some cameras the edge of the filter intrudes on the field of view of the viewfinder. You can find step rings from on-line sellers like Amazon or B&H Photo. You can find Series adapter rings on eBay.
Adapter ring and step-up ring threaded together, ready for a modern filter
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